October is National Dyslexia Awareness Month, a time to learn more about dyslexia and, most importantly, to understand the people who live and learn with it.
Did you know that dyslexia is one of the most common learning differences in the world? Dyslexia is a language-based learning difference that affects the way the brain processes language, particularly when it comes to reading, spelling, and connecting letters with sounds.
Dyslexia is neurological in origin. In other words, it has to do with the way the brain processes information. It is not caused by a lack of effort, a lack of intelligence, or a lack of desire to learn. Some common signs of dyslexia include difficulty learning letter names and sounds, reading slowly or making frequent mistakes while reading, difficulty with spelling, trouble understanding what has been read, and difficulty putting thoughts into written sentences.
But there are many myths about dyslexia that we need to understand.
One myth is that people with dyslexia simply see letters backward. The reality is that dyslexia is primarily a language-processing difference. Young children often reverse letters while they are learning to read and write, and that can happen whether or not they have dyslexia.
Another myth is that dyslexia means someone has below-average intelligence. That simply isn’t true. Dyslexia has nothing to do with intelligence. People with dyslexia can have average or above-average intelligence and can have tremendous strengths in areas such as creativity, problem-solving, reasoning, and thinking outside the box.
Another myth is that children will simply outgrow dyslexia. Dyslexia is a lifelong neurological difference. However, that does not mean a person cannot become a successful reader or learner. With appropriate instruction, support, practice, and encouragement, people with dyslexia can learn strategies that help them succeed.
And perhaps one of the most damaging myths is that a child who struggles to read is lazy or isn’t trying hard enough. Imagine having to work much harder than the people around you just to read the same paragraph. A student may spend enormous amounts of energy trying to decode the words on the page. What looks like frustration, avoidance, or a lack of effort may actually be a child working incredibly hard.
That’s why understanding matters. Instead of asking, “Why aren’t you trying harder?” we can ask, “What can I do to help you learn in the way your brain learns best?”
The good news is that students with dyslexia can be successful. Dyslexia may make some parts of school more challenging, but it does not determine a person’s potential. In fact, dyslexia is more common than many people realize. Estimates often suggest that approximately one in five people have characteristics associated with dyslexia. There are also many successful and well-known individuals who have been reported to have dyslexia, including Steven Spielberg, Tom Cruise, Charles Schwab, and others. Their stories remind us of something very important: Dyslexia does not define a person’s intelligence, their abilities, or their future.
So during National Dyslexia Awareness Month, let’s do more than simply recognize the word dyslexia. Let’s take the time to understand it. Let’s be patient with the child who reads slowly. Let’s encourage the student who struggles with spelling. Let’s recognize the effort behind the work. And let’s remind every person with dyslexia that the way their brain learns may be different, but different does not mean less.
Dyslexia may change the way someone learns, but it does not determine how far they can go.